ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
1. In paragraph 4 of its resolution 1143 (1997) of 4 December 1997, the
Security Council requested the Secretary-General to report to the Council 90
days after the entry into force of paragraph 1 of the resolution, on the basis
of observation by United Nations personnel in Iraq, and after consultations with
the Government of Iraq, on whether Iraq had ensured the equitable distribution
of medicine, health supplies, foodstuffs and materials and supplies for
essential civilian needs, financed in accordance with paragraph 8 (a) of
resolution 986 (1995), including in his reports any observations he might have
on the adequacy of the revenues to meet Iraq's capacity to export sufficient
quantities of petroleum and petroleum products to produce the sum referred to in
paragraph 1 of resolution 986 (1995).
2. The present report provides information up to 15 February 1998 on the
distribution of humanitarian supplies throughout Iraq, including the
implementation of the United Nations Inter-Agency Humanitarian Programme in the
three northern governorates of Dahuk, Erbil and Sulaymaniyah. Furthermore, the
report provides information on the work of the Secretariat in processing
applications to the Security Council Committee established by resolution
661 (1990) of 6 August 1990 on the activities of the oil overseers, the United
Nations independent oil monitors (Saybolt) deployed to observe oil loadings and
transfers, as well as on the work of the independent inspection agents (Lloyd's
Register), charged with authenticating the arrival of humanitarian goods in
Iraq. Since no humanitarian goods under phase III of resolution 986 (1995) have
reached Iraq yet, I will report on the implementation of the third phase in my
report prior to the end of the 180-day period, pursuant to paragraph 4 of
resolution 1143 (1997).
3. Since the beginning of phase III, the overseers have reviewed and approved
a total of 34 contracts involving purchases from 14 countries: Algeria (1);
Austria (1); France (2); India (1); Indonesia (1); Italy (3); Morocco (1);
Netherlands (1); Russian Federation (12); Spain (2); Switzerland (1);
Turkey (3); United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (2); and United
States of America (3). The total quantity of oil approved for export under
those contracts corresponds to approximately 152 million barrels for 180 days -
the highest amount since the beginning of the implementation of resolution
986 (1995). At current prices, total revenue projected for the whole 180-day
period is about $1.87 billion (including the pipeline fee). All contracts
submitted employed pricing mechanisms approved by the Committee on the
recommendation of the oil overseers.
4. Under phase I, the Government of Iraq was authorized to export oil at a
time when the price averaged $17.99 per barrel. A total of 119,515,720 barrels
were exported, which raised $2,149,806,398. Under phase II, the Government was
authorized to export oil when it averaged $16.74 per barrel. Iraq exported
126,942,341 barrels, raising $2,124,569,788. In the first 63 days of phase III,
Iraq was authorized to export oil when the price was at $12.18 per barrel,
selling 50,663,476 barrels, which raised $617,130,190. Compared to the first
half of phase I, when Iraq exported 51,611,001 barrels, the 32 per cent decline
in the price of oil per barrel in phase III means that Iraq would have to export
a total of 84,916,622 barrels to raise comparable revenue. As at
27 February 1998, in the first quarter of phase III, 42 loadings totalling
46.1 million barrels with an estimated value of $570 million, had been
completed. About 66 per cent of the liftings have been made at Ceyhan, Turkey.
Eight liftings, totalling 10.2 million barrels with an estimated value of
$120 million, are scheduled for the remainder of the first 90-day period of
phase III. Owing to the delayed resumption in the sale of petroleum from Iraq
under resolution 1143 (1997) and a serious price drop since the adoption of the
resolution 1143 (1997), a $380 million revenue shortfall in the 90-day revenue
objective of $1.07 billion (including the pipeline fee) is anticipated, if
current prices remain unchanged.
5. The oil overseers have continued to advise and assist the Security Council
Committee on the pricing mechanisms, contract approval and modifications,
management of the first quarter revenue objective of $1.07 billion (including
the pipeline fee) and other pertinent questions related to exports and
monitoring, under resolutions 986 (1995), 1111 (1997) of 4 June 1997,
1129 (1997) of 12 September 1997 and 1143 (1997). The overseers and Saybolt
have worked closely to insure the monitoring of the relevant oil installations
as well as the liftings.
6. During phase III of the implementation of resolution 986 (1995), the export
of petroleum from Iraq has proceeded smoothly, with excellent cooperation among
the United Nations oil overseers, Saybolt, the Turkish authorities, the Iraqi
State Oil Marketing Organization and the national oil purchasers. Based on the
assessment of the overseers and Saybolt, Iraq is capable of exporting sufficient
quantities of petroleum to meet the revenue target of $2 billion for phase III.
7. The last proceeds of oil sales effected under resolution 1111 (1997) were
deposited into the United Nations Account on 2 January 1998. A total of 128
letters of credit were processed, representing $2,124,569,788 worth of oil.
Between 15 January and 20 February 1998, 43 letters of credit were confirmed by
the Banque nationale de Paris pursuant to resolution 1143 (1997). The proceeds
of those oil sales are expected to be approximately $598 million, but will vary
in accordance with the market prices.
OF HUMANITARIAN SUPPLIES
8. In addition to the start-up of phase III operations during the period, the
processing of applications continued under both phase I and phase II, with the
result that available funds for the purchase of humanitarian supplies are almost
exhausted with respect to phase I and fully depleted regarding phase II.
Emphasis continues to be given to improving internal procedures, with a view to
facilitating a smoother and more efficient process for the approval of
contracts.
9. As at 27 February 1998, a total of 957 phase I applications for exports of
humanitarian supplies to Iraq had been received by the United Nations
Secretariat, of which 879 had been submitted to the Security Council Committee
for its decision, 69 had subsequently been cancelled and 9 were yet to be
circulated. Of the 879 applications sent to the Committee, 830 were approved,
44 blocked and 5 were on hold. With respect to phase II, a total of 611
applications had been received, of which 558 had been submitted to the
Committee, 20 had been cancelled and 33 were not circulated. Of the 558
applications sent to the Committee, 536 were approved, one blocked and 21 were
on hold. Regarding phase III, a total of 80 applications had been received, of
which 75 had been sent to the Committee, 2 had been cancelled and 5 were not yet
circulated. Of the 73 applications submitted, 49 were approved, one was on hold
and 25 were pending under the "no-objection" procedure. In monetary terms, over
93 per cent of the total dollar value of phase I applications submitted to the
Committee has been approved and over 98 per cent for phase II.
10. The United Nations independent inspection agents, Lloyd's Register, charged
with authenticating the arrival of humanitarian goods in Iraq, have continued to
carry out their mandate at the designated entry points at Al-Walid, Trebil,
Zakho and the port of Umm Qasr. In fulfilling their functions, the inspectors
have received complete cooperation from the Iraqi authorities at all border
crossings.
11. Under phase I, as at 20 February 1998, a total of 842 letters of credit for
humanitarian supplies had been approved or issued pursuant to resolution
986 (1995), amounting to approximately $1,212,863,515, including joint purchases
for food and medical supplies for the three northern governorates. As at
20 February 1998, 1,343 payments totalling $1,060,948,733 had been paid to
suppliers for delivery of humanitarian goods under the terms of their letter of
credit.
12. Under phase II, a total of 346 letters of credit for humanitarian goods
have been approved or issued pursuant to resolution 1111 (1997), amounting to
approximately $999,938,770, including joint purchases for the three northern
governorates. As at 20 February 1998, 209 payments totalling $423,474,195 had
been paid to suppliers under the terms of their letters of credit. No letters
of credit had been approved or issued pursuant to resolution 1143 (1997) as at
20 February 1998.
13. As at 20 February 1998, the closing balance in the United Nations Iraq
Account at the Banque nationale de Paris was $935,175,964, of which a total
$912,891,986 of the balance in the account was considered segregated for
approved and issued letters of credit.
14. The Security Council, in its resolution 1143 (1997), authorized the
Government of Iraq to export petroleum and petroleum products for another period
of 180 days, starting from 5 December 1997. As at 20 February 1998, of the
$2 billion authorized under resolution 1143 (1997), $101.2 million had been
deposited into the account for phase III.
15. The allocation of total oil proceeds received to date and the corresponding
expenditures are as follows:
(a) $2,174.3 million has been allocated for the purchase of humanitarian
supplies by the Government of Iraq, as specified in paragraph 8 (a) of
resolution 986 (1995). Letters of credit issued by the Banque nationale de
Paris on behalf of the United Nations for the payment of those supplies for the
whole of Iraq amounted to $2,212.8 million, the difference being $144.6 million,
which represents the reimbursement for bulk purchases made by the Government of
Iraq for northern Iraq and distributed by the United Nations Inter-Agency
Humanitarian Programme;
(b) $523.9 million has been allocated for the purchase of humanitarian
goods to be distributed in the three northern governorates by the United Nations
Inter-Agency Humanitarian Programme, as specified in paragraph 8 (b) of the
resolution. Expenditures recorded for humanitarian goods approved by the
Security Council Committee amounted to $371.5 million;
(c) $1,312.7 million has been transferred directly into the United Nations
Compensation Fund as specified in paragraph 8 (c) of the resolution. Of that
amount, 30 per cent (equivalent to $82.8 million) was transferred from the
account for the Kirkuk-Yumurtalik pipeline fees through Turkey (see
subparagraph (f) below). As at 20 February 1998, a total of $67.9 million had
been allotted to cover the operating expenditures of the Compensation Commission
and an amount of $713.0 million for payment of first and second instalments of
"A" and "C" claims;
(d) $90.8 million has been allocated for the operational and
administrative expenses of the United Nations associated with the implementation
of resolution 986 (1995), as specified in paragraph 8 (d) of the resolution.
Expenditures for administrative costs for all United Nations entities involved
in implementing the resolution amounted to $64.9 million;
(e) $30.8 million has been allocated to the United Nations Special
Commission for its operating expenses, as specified in paragraph 8 (e) of the
resolution. Expenditures for the Special Commission amounted to $26.1 million;
(f) $275.9 million has been set aside for the transportation costs of
petroleum and petroleum products originating in Iraq exported via the
Kirkuk-Yumurtalik pipeline through Turkey, in accordance with paragraph 8 (f) of
the resolution and in line with procedures adopted by the Security Council
Committee. Of that amount, $193.1 million has been paid to the Government of
Turkey and $82.8 million, representing 30 per cent, has been transferred to the
United Nations Compensation Fund;
(g) $41.0 million has been transferred directly to the escrow account
established pursuant to resolutions 706 (1991) of 15 August 1991 and 712 (1991)
of 19 September 1991 for the repayments envisaged under paragraph 6 of
resolution 778 (1992) of 2 October 1992, as specified in paragraph 8 (g) of
resolution 986 (1995).
16. As at 15 February 1998, of the 2,979,650 tons of food supplies contracted
under phase I, a total of 2,727,249 had arrived in Iraq. For phase II,
1,522,053 tons have arrived in Iraq and World Food Programme (WFP) observers
report that a total of 3,799,777 tons purchased under phases I and II have been
distributed. On 16 September 1997, the first supplies purchased under phase II
were contracted. No supplies under phase III have arrived in Iraq to date.
According to available data, the time for contract approval has been reduced
significantly but lengthy arrival times for foodstuffs have continued. During
the reporting period, food and related commodities were late in reaching
beneficiaries and quantities were either reduced or absent.
17. In the medical sector, as at 15 February 1998, out of the total phase I
allocation of $210 million, contracts worth $200 million had been approved by
the Security Council Committee. The value of medicines and related supplies
received is $147,514,513, representing 70.2 per cent of the phase I allocation.
Under the phase II allocation of $210 million, the Iraqi State Company for
Importation of Drugs and Medical Supplies (Kimadia) has concluded 281 contracts
worth $250 million, of which 214 contracts amounting to $189,171,427 have been
approved. Nineteen additional contracts amounting to $23,580,318 remain on
hold.
18. In the water and sanitation sector, $24 million has been allocated under each phase. Under phase I, 29 contracts worth $22,894,236 have been submitted and approved. Under phase II, 24 contracts worth $20,168,792 were submitted, 23 of which worth $19,279,203 have been approved and one worth $890,589 put on hold. To date, supplies under phase I worth $11,917,544 amounting to 52 per cent of approved applications have been received by the water authorities. Fifty-six per cent of the total quantity of liquid chlorine gas ordered under phase I has arrived to date and has been distributed throughout the 15 governorates in the centre and south of Iraq. It is estimated that the delivery of chlorine gas for phase I is expected to be completed by March 1998. No commodities under phase II or III have arrived as yet.
19. In the electricity sector, under phase I, 105 applications worth
$36,710,833 have been submitted to the Security Council Committee, 88 of which
worth $35,593,463 have been approved. Two applications for equipment worth
$1.17 million remain on hold, 2 applications worth $693,585 are still pending
and 12 applications worth $4.3 million remain blocked. Under phase II, 28
applications worth $41,964,268 have been submitted, 25 worth $40,356,666 of
which have been approved. One application worth $1.15 million remains on hold
and three worth some $600,000 for electrical equipment and spare parts for the
Baiji and Dura power stations have been submitted. Material and equipment worth
$11.3 million, or over 32 per cent of the approved applications for phase I, has
been received and distributed accordingly. No equipment under phase II or III
has arrived as yet.
20. The agricultural sector has been allocated a total of $72 million under the
first three phases. Contracts for 91 per cent of the phase I and II allocation
of $48 million have been submitted to the Security Council Committee. The rate
of approval has increased considerably, with contracts for 87 per cent of the
phase I and II allocations approved. Delivery to the central distribution
points in Baghdad has reached 24 per cent of the total phase I and II
allocation, with a 53 per cent increase in rate of delivery compared with the
previous reporting period. However, these deliveries do not include any
phase II supplies. Out-of-season deliveries amounted to 51 per cent of total
deliveries, which has allowed for the distribution of 44 per cent of delivered
supplies from the central distribution points to the 15 governorate distribution
points. Out-of-season deliveries will be stored until the following summer
season. A number of inputs such as tractors, ground sprayers and irrigation
pumps are released to end-users from central distribution points and governorate
distribution points, while the majority of small-scale farm items are released
from district distribution points at the district level within governorates.
Distribution of inputs to their release to end-user distribution points has
reached 40 per cent of delivered supplies, representing 9.6 per cent of
allocated phase I and II funds. In-country deliveries amounted to 15 per cent,
with agricultural helicopter spare parts for 64 per cent of the submitted value
expected to arrive by March 1998. Release of inputs to end-users has begun,
with an estimated $210,000 implemented. Estimates are made on the basis of a
spot-check coverage of district distribution points as further elaborated in
section VI of this report. Government loans are available to all farmers for
the purchase of agricultural inputs. Under Security Council resolution
986 (1995), loans have only been requested by relatively new farmers, operating
on reclaimed land, in order to purchase irrigation pumps. All inputs are sold
to farmers at subsidized prices that vary from 5 to 30 per cent of the purchase
cost from the supplier.
21. In the education sector, $12 million has been allocated for each phase.
Under phase I, 12 contracts have been submitted to the Security Council
Committee, out of which 8 worth $10,950,428 have been approved and 2 blocked.
Under the second phase, 14 contracts worth $10,723,633 have been submitted, of
which 12 worth $10,582,437 have been approved, with one blocked, one on hold and
2 being processed. Only supplies ordered under phase I worth $2,220,300 have
arrived and are in the process of being distributed. The United Nations
Children's Fund (UNICEF) has confirmed that 50 per cent of these commodities
were distributed within three weeks.
Approval, arrival and distribution of humanitarian supplies in Dahuk, Erbil and
Sulaymaniyah
22. The three northern governorates of Dahuk, Erbil and Sulaymaniyah have been
allocated $44.8 million for food purchased for the general ration and
$1.3 million for the supplementary feeding programme. As at 15 February 1998, a
total of 148,785 tons of food, soap and detergent arrived at warehouses managed
by WFP in Mosul and Kirkuk, compared with a total requirement of 117,635 tons.
A total of 118,239 tons has been distributed to over 10,300 ration agents
throughout the three northern governorates. The amount distributed exceeds the
quantities required owing to the fact that during the month of December 1997,
distribution of some commodities that were previously not available was
undertaken. WFP continued to provide newly displaced persons with a one-time
emergency ration while they were being re-registered to receive the regular
ration. As part of the re-registration process, WFP has physically confirmed
the status of internally displaced persons and cross-checked their ration
registration records on its computerized database.
23. The WFP/UNICEF supplementary feeding programme in the north continues to
complement the distribution of general rations. To date, WFP has procured a
total of 17,073 tons of supplementary food commodities worth $9.45 million. A
total of 7,571 tons has arrived in the three northern governorates, of which
2,126.16 have been distributed. This figure is due to the fact that WFP has
been utilizing supplies from its emergency operation prior to the adoption of
Council resolution 986 (1995), which is in the process of being phased out.
Purchasing has been purposely staggered to insure that, while sufficient stocks
are kept in the country, stock levels are not so high as to allow spoilage. In
January 1998, WFP distributed 1,003 tons of supplementary food to some 230,000
recipients out of a planned 262,000. The selection criteria for this programme
are stringent and the remaining 45,000 beneficiaries are expected to be
identified during February and March 1998. The number of recipients for the
supplementary food ration provided for under Council resolution 986 (1995) has
reached 241,788 persons. To date, UNICEF nutritional supplies worth $577,149
have arrived under phase I. Ninety-nine per cent of these supplies have been
distributed. Under phase II, a total budget of $3,170,000 has been allocated to
both nutrition and child protection. Eleven applications worth $2,422,833 were
approved by the Security Council Committee. No commodities have yet arrived
under phase II, and no applications have been submitted under phase III. Also,
through 87 public health centres and 30 nutritional rehabilitation centres in
the north, UNICEF provides therapeutic milk powder to benefit approximately
25,000 malnourished children. All growth-monitoring equipment has been received
and distributed to 412 public health centres and 13 nutritional rehabilitation
centres. All micro-nutrients have also been received and distributed to 2,000
anaemic children, pregnant women and lactating mothers. Teaching aides were
also received and distributed to 13 public health centres and nutritional
rehabilitation centres for growth-monitoring and health education activities.
24. Medicines and related supplies with a total value of $11,838,825, or
41.1 per cent of the $28.8 million allocated under phase I, have arrived. The
Dahuk governorate has received 98 per cent of its allocated share of these
commodities and Erbil and Sulaymaniyah have received 84 and 83 per cent
respectively. Medical equipment worth $4 million has been received in the
northern governorates, 23 per cent of which has been allocated to Dahuk,
34 per cent to Erbil and 43 per cent to Sulaymaniyah, the distribution and
installation of which ranges from 81 per cent in Sulaymaniyah to 99 per cent in
Erbil and 100 per cent in Dahuk. Many difficulties have been encountered in
installing and operating the equipment received because of the lack of related
expertise in the northern governorates. World Health Organization (WHO)
engineers assist in the installation and operation of the equipment received.
WHO is also investigating the possibility of using specialized technicians for
the training of local staff. Furthermore, future contracts for the purchase of
sophisticated equipment will include a training component. Under phase II,
medical equipment worth $5,633,718, equipment to measure water quality worth
$191,030 and supplies for nursing education with a value of a $210,828 have been
ordered. Assessments for water quality control and nursing education have been
undertaken. UNICEF has also distributed vaccines and immunized 17,488 children.
25. In the water and sanitation sector, $20.2 million for phase I and
$20 million for phase II have been allocated for the northern governorates.
Under phase I, 31 applications worth $18,481,537 have been submitted to and
approved by the Security Council Committee. Under phase II, 69 applications
worth $17,458,798 have been submitted and approved. To date, equipment worth
$3,863,066 under phase I has arrived representing 21 per cent of the value of
this allocation. Seventy-seven tons of chlorine gas, 5.5 tons of chlorine
tablets and 90 tons of aluminum sulphate were received and distributed to water
treatment plants in urban, semi-urban and rural areas.
26. The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), in close cooperation with
the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the Secretariat, continues to
be responsible for the implementation of the electricity sector. All 87 phase I
applications have been submitted to and approved by the Security Council
Committee, bringing the value to $23,269,945 out of the total allocation of
$23,270,000. Under phase II, 27 applications worth $17.7 million have been
submitted and approved. Preparations are under way for submission of
applications under phase III whose allocation is $26 million. To date, $145,000
worth of material under phase I has arrived in warehouses in the north. The
majority of items for this sector are expected to arrive by September 1998 and
throughout 1999 for phase II. There continues to be concern, however, regarding
the structural condition of the Derbandikhan and Dokan dams, both of which
supply electric power for Erbil and Sulaymaniyah and water for irrigation in the
centre and south. A complete physical survey was undertaken in early
January 1998, the results of which indicated that $15 million is required for
urgent safety work on the Derbandikhan dam and that $2 million is required for
work on the Dokan dam.
27. As at the end of January 1998, more than 80 per cent of all agricultural
supplies destined for the three northern governorates had arrived in the north.
With the bulk of summer and some other inputs still being held in warehouses
pending their seasonal use, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United
Nations (FAO) has distributed 35 per cent of overall supplies, with the
remainder to go to farmers over the coming spring and summer months. The
receipt and distribution of much-needed agricultural supplies has gained
momentum in the northern governorates. Of particular significance has been the
timely arrival of key inputs for the major winter planting season and their
distribution to farmers. These have included wheat seeds, herbicides,
fungicides, fertilizers and spraying equipment. Stocks for the summer planting
season are in store and will be distributed to farmers in the spring. In
addition, vaccines and medicines for livestock and poultry have been arriving
irregularly but covering requested quantities, with the result that the greater
part of the livestock population has been inoculated against a range of animal
diseases. As the implementing agency, FAO has been heavily engaged, in close
consultation with local authorities, in the planning and execution of a range of
training programmes and promotion of extension of services for farmers leading
to distribution campaigns targeted at pre-selected recipients. Areas covered
include plant protection, production, livestock immunization and poultry
production. Preparations are in progress for the coming sunna pest campaign in
respect of the wheat harvest to begin in June 1998.
28. In the education sector, $10 million has been allocated to UNICEF for each
phase. Under phase I, 13 applications worth $9,348,131 were submitted and
approved. Under phase II, 10 applications worth $9,153,131 were submitted and
approved. Supplies worth $3,549,285, representing 38 per cent of the total
value of contracts under phase I, have been delivered and 80 per cent
distributed. Essential supplies were distributed to 981 schools, and student
and teachers' classroom kits were distributed to 2,015 primary schools to
benefit 509,191 children. A further $5 million has been allocated to the United
Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) for each
phase of implementation, which has submitted 15 applications worth $3,466,961 to
the Security Council Committee under phase I. Under phase II, six contracts
worth $3,086,638 were submitted and approved. Supplies worth $3,549,385,
representing over 50 per cent of the total value of contracts under this phase,
have been distributed to warehouses and are in the process of being used for the
construction of 62,000 school desks and for the rehabilitation of 98 schools.
UNESCO will shortly begin the manufacture of an additional 25,000 school desks
from material supplied by UNICEF. To date, 12,500 desks and a further 9,400 are
currently under production and plans are well under way for the $2.35 million
rehabilitation of some 83 schools under phase I. Work is expected to begin
after the winter season. Under phase II, an additional $300,000 was allocated
to WHO, which submitted 18 contracts worth $120,828 in health education, all of
which were approved.
29. A total of $29 million has been allocated under the three phases for the
resettlement sector. Nonetheless, with approximately half a million displaced
persons in need of resettlement, demand far exceeds available resources. Under
phases I and II, the construction of 3,100 homes, 70 rural roads, 133 primary
schools with teachers' houses, 3 secondary schools, 27 health centres, 20
sewerage projects, 19 water projects and 20 irrigation channel projects and the
provision of other basic infrastructure and community services will be
undertaken. As at the end of January 1998, 6 projects in sewerage and roads had
already been completed, with another 65 well under construction and due for
completion over the next few months. A further 48 projects are in the process
of being contracted, and 77 projects are in various stages of the tendering
process. Field surveys and planning for phase III are nearing completion in
close consultation with local authorities.
30. From the time of arrival of a project coordinator in November 1997 the
United Nations Office of Project Services has moved quickly to conceptualize and
initiate humanitarian demining activities for the three northern governorates.
Operational and support staff, both international and national, have been
recruited and offices established in each of the three governorates. Two
operational bases for demining teams have been set up at Choman in Erbil
governorate and Maidan in Sulaymaniyah governorate. Most of the equipment
required for the programme, including mine detectors and support vehicles, has
been ordered and has either arrived in country or is in transit. International
demining specialists subcontracted by the Office of Project Services have
completed the recruitment of national deminers and medical assistants, who are
now in the process of undergoing intensive training. Actual demining operations
are expected to begin shortly. Support for mine victims is also under way. Two
prosthetic workshop facilities in Erbil and Sulaymaniyah governorates providing
artificial limbs and rehabilitation services, which had closed owing to a lack
of key resources, are now fully operational again thanks to the humanitarian
demining programme. Renovation of and staff training for a third such facility
has begun in Dahuk governorate.
31. It should be noted that large-scale military activities in the governorates
of Erbil and Sulaymaniyah came to an end in late November 1997. There were no
attacks on United Nations personnel or facilities during the period of this
report and there have been no disruptions to the humanitarian programme. The
supply of electricity from Sulaymaniyah to Erbil has also continued without
interruption.
32. In my reports to the Security Council pursuant to paragraph 11 of
resolution 986 (1995) and paragraph 3 of resolution 1111 (1997) (S/1997/419 and
S/1997/685, respectively), I described the process of observation undertaken by
the three tiers of United Nations observers on the food and health sectors
respectively. In my report to the Security Council pursuant to paragraph 3 of
resolution 986 (1995) (S/1997/935), I explained the details of the tracking
mechanism as a general feature of the observation process and described the dual
character of technical assistance and spot checks in the northern governorates,
where the United Nations is responsible for implementation of the programme.
33. Commodities in all sectors under phase I continue to arrive and this has
expanded the coverage of the Geographical Observation Unit, which has commenced
observations in the water and sanitation, electricity and agricultural sectors.
The role of the Unit in the observation of the sectors and strategies for
deployment teams is being reviewed by its management in consultation with the
Multidisciplinary Observation Unit. United Nations agencies and programmes
continue to observe the arrival of commodities in their respective sectors,
tracking them from entry point to end-user. The focus of observation continues
to be the food and medical sectors, which comprise 85 per cent of the total
allocation in each phase.
34. In the food sector, United Nations observers have continued full coverage
of distribution through visits to each warehouse, silo and mill in every
governorate. WFP observers regularly visited all warehouses, silos and mills in
the country, with a total of 770 visits to warehouses, 835 visits to silos and
3,227 visits to mills. WFP has also continued to update information collection
at warehouses, silos and mills. Observers also completed 58,994 spot checks of
food agents in every governorate and 77,860 spot checks of beneficiaries in all
governorates.
35. In the northern governorates, where WFP manages the food warehouses and the
distribution process, the focus of observation remains on beneficiaries and food
agents. Since the beginning of food distribution under Council resolution
986 (1995), WFP has visited almost all food agents responsible for general
distribution and many agents have been visited as many as three or four times.
Specific observation procedures have been adopted for supplementary feeding
programmes. To assess their impact on malnourished children, pregnant women and
nursing mothers, WFP and UNICEF maintain liaison with the local directorates of
health. Primary health-care personnel monitor the nutritional situation of each
recipient using standard indicators and provide the United Nations with regular
updates. Observers check distribution lists for inaccuracies before monthly
distribution to all other recipients of the supplementary feeding projects and
assess the availability of other food sources in visits with beneficiaries.
After distribution takes place, WFP observers ensure that beneficiaries have
received the proper quantity and quality of food and investigate any complaints
against food agents. Each month, an average of 15 per cent of all families
receiving supplementary food supplies and 75 per cent of all food agents who
distribute nutrition supplies are visited.
36. In the health sector, WHO deployed observers to follow the arrival and
distribution of medical supplies and equipment selected for tracking in
collaboration with the Multidisciplinary Observation Unit. Phase II commodities
contain a greater percentage of hospital equipment and spare parts than were
ordered under phase I. Therefore, observations of these items will include
inspection of installed equipment and observation of the interrelated items/
systems that must also be in place for the equipment to function, such as air
conditioning, water, sanitation and power supply. All observers in the health
sector report that health facilities are in very poor condition and, in some
areas, the water and sanitation infrastructure servicing hospitals is on the
verge of collapse. In the northern governorates observation has been carried
out by WHO teams before and after the distribution of medicines to health
facilities. With the start of phase III, a detailed review of the observation
process is being undertaken in order to streamline observation tasks as they
relate to equitability, efficiency and adequacy. Efforts are also under way to
gather as much information as possible on the state of the health
infrastructure. It is expected that this will enable WHO and the
Multidisciplinary Observation Unit to better assess the efficiency and
effectiveness of the operation as well as the criteria on which priorities would
be selected for rehabilitation.
37. In the water and sanitation sector, the utilization and distribution of
liquid chlorine gas is monitored and information is fed into a database system
developed by UNICEF, which provides a routine profile for all commodities in
this sector entering the country. It is an essential tool for observers in that
it provides daily updated information on commodities selected for observation.
According to the specification of the commodity in question, the database
provides information on the storage location in each governorate at the
warehouse and project site level, as well as the date of delivery to the
governorate warehouse, the date of dispatch to the project site and date of
installation. In the water and sanitation sector, UNICEF has observed
100 per cent of the supplies being delivered to governorate warehouses and
80 per cent of the commodities distributed to project sites. UNICEF has also
observed all deliveries of liquid chlorine gas at the project site level.
Sectoral and geographical observers have undertaken respectively 401 and 12
visits to project sites in the centre and south, including water and sewage
treatment plants, sewage pumping stations and warehouses. With regard to liquid
chlorine gas, UNICEF has observed thoroughly all full cylinders entering and all
empty cylinders exiting the country.
38. In the electricity sector, the observation process continues to include
pre-installation visits to power plants, distribution and transmission
substations and other selected facilities. UNDP has carried out 63 observations
at 25 locations in the centre and south. These involve an examination of the
quantity of received goods and their conformity with relevant documentation.
All goods arriving into the country are authenticated and their specifications
confirmed against the shipping documents by Lloyd's Register. UNDP observers
confirm the Lloyd's Register stamp on the document and check commodities against
the relevant distribution plan and the Security Council Committee approvals.
The Geographical Observation Unit has commenced observation in this sector and
has undertaken five visits.
39. In the agricultural sector, FAO and the Geographical Observation Unit have
performed a total of 143 and 5 observations respectively in the centre and south
of Iraq. FAO tracks all inputs from the raising of contracts to distribution to
the governorate distribution points and continuously inspects all 43 central and
governorate distribution points. Distribution to the governorate districts is
carried out through spot checks of the 275 district distribution points. Dual-purpose items are tracked within a separate monitoring system from entry into
the country to application at the end-user level. A total of eight observations
have been carried out, tracking the arrival and distribution of 2,550 ground
sprayers from central to district distribution points.
40. In the education sector, UNESCO observers visited selected schools in
Baghdad, Basra and Mosul where a pre-implementation study was undertaken. In
the northern governorates of Dahuk, Erbil and Sulaymaniyah, UNICEF conducted 150
observations, during which the distribution of supplies for every student was
assessed.
41. The Multidisciplinary Observation Unit has developed a distinct methodology
for tracking the large numbers of spare parts that make up a significant number
of incoming commodities. As it is impossible to track the entire range and
number of spare parts in all sectors, they must be selectively observed at a
storage and usage level employing criteria that focus on key spare parts with
the greatest value as it does on dual-use items. This methodology was applied
by the multidisciplinary observers for tracking spare parts in all sectors
throughout the reporting period.
42. Geographical observers have reported that end-users faced hardship caused
by continuing delays as well as missing and reduced items in the ration basket.
This has resulted in strong expressions of frustration by beneficiaries in
interviews with observers. Beneficiaries have also complained about other basic
needs such as medical supplies, electricity, water supply, clothing and
textbooks for schoolchildren. Some see no improvement to their quality of life
and are losing interest in responding to the observers. As I stated in my
supplementary report, a review of observation and reporting is necessary and is
being undertaken. Accordingly, the Geographical Observation Unit, in
consultation with the Multidisciplinary Observation Unit, is now in the process
of reviewing the end-user interview forms.
43. Staffing levels and observation activities were scaled down during the
second half of February 1998 because of concerns for the safety and security of
staff resulting from developments at that time. However, WFP national observers
continued to carry out food agent and household spot checks at the governorate
level. Appropriate action was taken to ensure that allocations not observed in
the current period would be covered when normal activities resumed. All staff
relocated during this period returned to duty by the end of February.
Effectiveness
44. In the 15 central and southern governorates, WFP reported that, on average,
the distribution process took between three and five days for food to move
between entry point and governorate warehouses. This represented an improvement
over previous rates. United Nations observers reported that handling and
processing losses were within the acceptable limit of 2 per cent at all levels
of the distribution chain. However, delays experienced to date in the
implementation of the programme have meant that all food baskets during the
reporting period were incomplete. In November 1997, no pulses or detergent were
provided at all and oil, tea, salt and soap were only provided at reduced
levels. In December 1997, no soap was provided under the provisions of
resolution 986 (1995), and only reduced levels of pulses, vegetable oil, tea and
detergents were available. In January 1998, beneficiaries received reduced
levels of tea and detergent, and were particularly dissatisfied with the sharp
decrease in the availability of infant formula. In the north, for the months of
December 1997 and January 1998, food was distributed in accordance with the
prescribed time-frame for the first time.
45. The inefficiencies due to the late and uncoordinated arrival of goods have
been felt all along the distribution chain. When supplies are late, missing or
reduced, it causes hardship to beneficiaries who do not have the means to buy
extra food in the market place to cover the period of the delay. The personal
rationing system that they employ in an attempt to make the food basket last the
full month breaks down if there are delays. As a result, recipients either eat
less or sell household items to buy food. Often, the most vulnerable end-users
such as the elderly or unemployed report that they rely on extended families and
other forms of charity to cope with the gap in food supply. Because of the
lower than required arrival rate of commodities into Iraq each month, the
warehouses have not been able to plan their distribution schedules efficiently.
There have been continuous breakdowns in the supply pipeline in the middle of
distribution and the distribution cycle usually continued into the next month.
Often, delays in distribution of items meant that the ration agent and
beneficiary had to make additional trips at extra cost to collect the complete
food basket. The ration agent was reimbursed transport costs by the Government
for one trip from the warehouse. The additional transport costs incurred by the
ration agents as the result of delays were a source of constant complaint to the
observers. Similarly, some flour mills regularly stopped production in the
middle of the distribution cycle because of the breakdown in the arrival of
wheat. The managers of the mills also continued to complain of stoppages
resulting from erratic power supplies and the lack of spare parts, necessitating
an increase in the number of working days and transfers between facilities to
meet monthly quotas.
46. In the three northern governorates of Dahuk, Erbil and Sulaymaniyah, the
timely distribution of food in the northernmost areas has been affected by the
severe winter weather. WFP had hoped to preposition two months' supply of food
before the onset of winter in order to avoid delays. However, given the erratic
delivery of supplies of food at the time, this was not feasible.
Equitability
47. Throughout the reporting period, WFP observers confirmed that over
99.5 per cent of the population received equally whatever general ration was
available during a given month. This estimate is based on a monthly sample of
640 households visited by WFP. This was verified by WFP's regular inventory
checks of regional warehouses, which revealed that each governorate received the
proper allocation of food. The beneficiary interviews conducted by the
Geographical Observation Unit (sample 1,650) at ration agents also indicated
that registered clients receive equitable rations. In the northern
governorates, the supplementary feeding programme targets supplementary
assistance to a targeted caseload of 262,000 especially needy people who have
been selected by WFP, UNICEF and local authorities based on criteria that
include standard health indicators and household food security.
48. United Nations observers received complaints concerning the distribution of
infant formula. The individual ration of 2.8 kilograms remained unchanged until
January 1998, when it was reduced by 33 per cent because of the shortage of
infant formula available in warehouses. According to the Ministry of Trade,
under distribution plan II, import requirements were estimated on the basis of a
population of 190,629 infants, but because of a change in entitlement in
May 1997, withdrawing the option of infants receiving an adult ration, by
December 1997, the actual population requiring infant formula was 416,451.
After analysis of registration records, it became apparent that there was no
marked increase in the actual number of infants and the reduction in
distribution in January and February 1998 was therefore due to earlier
procurement decisions, following the change of distribution policy in May 1997.
WFP noted that the Iraqi authorities recognized that they had underestimated
actual requirements. The allocation to governorates is decided centrally by the
Ministry of Trade, but governorate warehouses do not have a detailed breakdown
by age of the infants supplied. Moreover, during the reporting period,
suppliers did not ship equal amounts of the two formulas. Therefore, infant
formula had to be allocated according to availability, often leaving ration
agents and parents to secure the appropriate type of infant formula for the
children concerned, either through local exchange or sale/purchase on the local
market.
49. Recently, several United Nations observer teams have reported increasing
congestion in some warehouses, in particular with rice, sugar and vegetable
ghee. According to the Geographical Observation Unit, this problem is caused by
erratic arrivals. There are at present stock balances for some commodities
amounting to more than three times the current monthly requirement. Some
national reserve stocks have had to be moved to make room for stocks provided
under resolution 986 (1995). Other stocks provided under the resolution have
been temporarily stored in silos. All of these stocks and stock movements will
be carefully monitored to avoid risk of spoilage or other losses. It was also
reported that the Ministry of Health has appealed for assistance from
international donors in order to provide flour to hospitals because they have
run out and have no reserves. Hospitals are largely dependent on food aid from
WFP and non-governmental organizations to provide meals for patients and
resident doctors. The Government of Iraq has hitherto insisted on meeting these
needs from outside resources provided under resolution 986 (1995), but in view
of the current situation the United Nations has recommended the inclusion of
these requirements under the humanitarian programme.
Adequacy
50. Early assessments of the supplementary feeding programme in the north
indicate preliminary positive results. One project aimed at 30,000 pregnant
women and nursing mothers provides these beneficiaries with a monthly food
ration and access to vaccines, prenatal checks and education on safe delivery
practices and breastfeeding. So far, 80 per cent of mothers and children are
receiving proper immunizations and 52 per cent of women are breastfeeding.
Another important programme provides supplementary rations to malnourished
children and five members of the immediate family. Again, preliminary data show
signs of improvement; WFP surveyed 163 children in primary health centres in
Dahuk and Erbil and found that 68 per cent gained an average of 0.35 kilograms
over two months.
51. In the northern governorates, 7,571 tons of foodstuffs have arrived for the
supplementary nutrition programmes. Some commodities such as fortified bulgar
wheat, which has to be produced by specialized suppliers, have been delayed.
WFP has substituted this commodity with supplies of rice from its own stocks.
Effectiveness
52. WHO reports that Kimadia and the Ministry of Trade have attempted to
improve contractual procedures whereby suppliers are required to ensure the
submission of the contract application to the United Nations Secretariat within
two to three weeks of their finalization, otherwise the contract will be
considered null and void. After authorization by the Security Council
Committee, the supplier is now obliged to ship the whole quantity within three
months and ensure that the shipment is not less than 30 per cent of the total
quantity. WHO expects that these attempts to expedite the approval and delivery
process will lead to a significant increase in arrival rates.
53. Inadequate transport is still causing delays in the distribution of drugs
and medical supplies at every level of the distribution chain; the delivery of
commodities from the central warehouses in Baghdad to the warehouses in the rest
of the country takes an average of five to six weeks. The situation is even
more critical in the case of medicine and vaccines needing refrigerated
transport in that it often involves life-saving medicine such as insulin and
sera. Effective delivery has been further impaired by the uncoordinated arrival
of supplies such as urine bags without catheters, injectable drugs without
disposable syringes and intravenous drugs without intravenous solutions.
Although record keeping is generally satisfactory, the efficiency with which
medical supplies are distributed has shown no improvement.
54. Poor communications and feedback between health-care facilities and
Department of Health warehouses at the governorate level are partly responsible
for this, resulting either in delayed distribution or the provision of supplies
that could not be used. Where there exists effective warehouse management,
targeted distribution has been achieved. It should be noted that the Ministry
of Health has sent assessment teams to governorates to obtain more accurate data
for drawing up allocation plans. There appears to have been no improvement in
the arrival or distribution of complementary supplies. As a result, surgical
procedures were adversely affected during the reporting period. There have also
been instances where poor communications within health facilities meant that
humanitarian supplies were unused because medical staff were unaware that they
were available. Some facilities had difficulties in distributing to outpatients
because they lacked sufficient dispensing bottles of the appropriate type and
size. WHO notes that management problems encountered in distribution can only
be solved by close supervision, training and support. The United Nations
observation mechanism continues to look into delays in quality assurance
procedures. For example, it recently questioned why desperately needed
intravenous solutions, which were delivered in November 1997, had not been
released for distribution until mid-February 1998.
55. It is noted that the cumulative value of all medical items listed under
distribution plans II and III is in excess of $2 billion. As the combined
sectoral allocations for both plans amount to $420 million, however, some
medicines, hospital supplies, spare parts and new equipment included in the
distribution plans cannot be purchased. The pharmaceutical items listed in
distribution plans II and III are almost identical. The Ministry of Health
needs to undertake a rigorous prioritization exercise to prevent duplication of
orders and promote the rational use of limited resources. It is clear that some
consumables provided under resolution 986 (1995) have not been used to date
because complementary equipment is out of service. According to a Ministry of
Health survey of more than 55,000 pieces of medical equipment, some 50 per cent
are either obsolete or unrepairable.
56. In the three northern governorates of Dahuk, Erbil and Sulaymaniyah, WHO
considers that the delivery of commodities from the central warehouse in Baghdad
continues to be carried out in a timely manner. WHO is working closely with the
local health authorities in order to improve the management and use of
medicines. On-the-spot information and advice is given by WHO teams and a more
comprehensive group training programme is being formulated and is expected to
begin soon.
Equitability
57. WHO has begun a study of Kimadia's allocation plans in order to assess how
equitability in the distribution of supplies is being assured. It also assisted
Kimadia in computerizing distribution planning, thereby facilitating the
equitable allocation of resources against needs at all levels of health
facilities. The Ministry of Health has announced a new formula for distributing
supplies to the private sector, effective 1 January 1998. Private pharmacies
will receive the same supplies regardless of the population density; public
clinics will receive five times as much as private pharmacies; and health
insurance clinics four times as much. Specialized drugs will not be delivered
to clinics unless they are staffed by appropriately qualified physicians. The
impact of this action will have to be determined. WHO reports that the value of
medicines distributed in January 1998 to 2,269 pharmacies was $5,053,040. After
cessation of supplies to the private sector in November and December 1997,
United Nations observers reported that supplies resumed in January 1998.
However, as at 11 February 1998, the warehouse supplying the private sector had
not received supplies provided under resolution 986 (1995) from Kimadia for
distribution that month. As a result, subsequent distribution to secondary- and
tertiary-level facilities will be delayed.
Adequacy
58. Despite the fact that a large variety of supplies have been delivered,
quantities received to date remain inadequate whether measured against the
intentions of the distribution plan, against essential health needs or the total
needs of the sector. In most cases, quantities delivered so far cover only
20 per cent of requirements. Assessment of the overall situation is rendered
particularly difficult by the lack of prioritization and the relatively small
quantities of humanitarian supplies that have arrived so far. There has been a
noticeable increase in the distribution of drugs that are not considered
essential. Although health-care professionals claim that a few items such as
particular laboratory supplies constitute five years' supply, the adequacy of
other commodities is hard to assess because they have not been available for
prescription or use for several years. Also, health-care providers report
increased mortality among the paediatric population owing to a lack of
intravenous fluids and basic medicines. Patients suffering from chronic
diseases continue to receive at most one month's treatment and cancer patients
routinely have their treatment deferred because of uncoordinated arrivals and
insufficient quantities. Health-care providers are forced to reuse intravenous
disposable equipment, which carries the high risk of transmitting communicable
diseases. Most hospitals carry out only emergency operations, leaving untreated
acute cases to develop into chronic conditions. Furthermore, lack of
antibiotics has allowed children to develop handicaps, while the rationing of
the small quantities available increases the length of the illness and negates
the effect of the treatment. Though the number of hospital admissions began to
rise significantly in December 1997, the number of surgical operations has
decreased dramatically during the last quarter. Furthermore, only 39 ambulances
have arrived, 9 of which have been allocated for the northern governorates of
Dahuk, Erbil and Sulaymaniyah. The critical lack of functioning ambulances in
all 18 governorates has caused preventable deaths in emergency cases, especially
in rural areas.
59. An analysis of drugs delivered and distributed to the northern governorates
indicates that 10 pharmacological categories have been covered and that this
covers the most basic needs of the population. Both curative and preventive
functions of the health services have tangibly improved, as seen in the
increased number of outpatients, surgical procedures and laboratory
investigations. Nevertheless, certain hospitals reported severe constraints in
normal functioning during the winter months, lacking heaters, fuel for heaters,
blankets and other supplies needed for the cold weather.
Effectiveness
60. Only 25 per cent of the total allocated budget under phases I and II has
arrived in the centre and south of Iraq; remaining supplies under both phases
are not expected to arrive before June 1998. Observers have confirmed the
efficient distribution of supplies, but delays have occurred in the installation
of equipment owing to the lack of funds and qualified technicians. Fifty-six
per cent of the liquid chlorine gas ordered under phase I has arrived and has
been efficiently distributed in the 15 governorates of the centre and south.
The chlorine gas is utilized effectively but not optimally on account of the
serious damages to the water pipe network, which does not prevent the
re-contamination of water after its disinfection. In the northern governorates,
21 per cent of supplies ordered under phase I had arrived, including chlorine
gas and alum sulphate. However, the rate of implementation is expected to
increase upon arrival of the major components for the supply of water to urban
areas, which have long lead times because of their unique specifications.
UNICEF has designed a total of 132 out of 307 rural water projects; construction
using local non-governmental organizations and contractors has just begun. Bids
have been issued for the construction of 70 pump houses, which is expected to
begin in early March 1998.
Equitability
61. Commodities that arrived in the centre and south were distributed in
accordance with the distribution plan. Following the findings of the UNICEF
multiple indicator cluster survey of August 1996, priority in distribution has
been given to the south of Iraq, where the water and sanitation situation is
significantly worse than in the rest of the country.
Adequacy
62. The deterioration of this sector has continued. According to Ministry of
Health data, the incidence of reported typhoid fever cases has decreased from
15,238 in 1996 to 14,459 in 1997. The delivery of good-quality alum sulphate is
currently enhancing the purification process and protecting the alum dosing
pumps from further deterioration caused by the use of low-quality alum sulphate
in the past. It has been difficult to assess the improvement in water quality
because of the deteriorating status of the water network, which has included
many breaks, leaks and power cuts, leaving the network with no pressure. Based
on previous levels of expenditure within the water and sanitation sector
($100 million per year for preventive maintenance) and on lists of supplies
required for projects sites as compiled by UNICEF and the non-governmental
organization CARE, it is estimated that $600 million is needed to restore the
existing water and sanitation sector to an acceptable operational level. Thus,
it is expected that only 4 per cent of the overall immediate requirements will
be covered by distribution plan III. In the northern governorates it is
estimated that an additional $54 million for phase III is required in order to
improve the sanitary and hygienic conditions for urban, semi-urban and rural/
farming communities. It is expected that distribution plan III will provide
only 37 per cent of the immediate needs in this sector.
63. The needs of Iraq's water supply and sewage collection networks are
different. With regard to water, deteriorating infrastructure has resulted in
leakages, lack of pressure and contamination; as regards sewage, lack of
maintenance has resulted in blockages and consequent degradation. The responses
will also differ; while the water supply network is in urgent need of
rehabilitation, it still functions; by contrast, in sanitation, attention needs
to be concentrated on the 10 sewage treatment plants, as most of the time these
plants do not work, or work very badly. According to UNICEF, the Government of
Iraq has directed the majority of resources allocated to this sector under
resolution 986 (1995) to water supply systems that are of higher priority.
Although it is expected that only a small fraction of the overall immediate
requirements will be covered by distribution plan III, proposals for a
significant increase in the operational effectiveness of the water supply
network have been put forward in my supplementary report.
64. The cumulative financial value of commodities not yet delivered under
phases I and II in the centre and south is $34,550,368, representing 75 per cent
of the value of the approved applications for this sector. In the northern
governorates, commodities yet to arrive are worth $30,144,952, representing
88 per cent of the value of contracts approved under phases I and II. The
defining of specifications and the sourcing of unique items impose delays in
this sector. Many of the commodities are not available as standard items and
therefore require longer manufacturing times, rendering certain delays
inevitable.
Effectiveness
65. Distribution plans I to III have addressed to a limited extent the
immediate needs of the sector in respect of increasing power generation and
associated transmission lines. Although the state of the distribution network,
with many more consumers connected to it without proper expansion planning, may
be considered to merit the most urgent assistance, the need to increase
generating capacity outweighs it because the network is able to distribute the
generated power.
66. Items are sent immediately to their destination after they have been
checked at the central warehouse. Supplies for the repair of distribution lines
and other general purpose materials, such as power cables and transformers, are
distributed according to allocation plans drawn up by the Iraqi General
Establishment for Electricity Distribution. According to UNDP, the allocations
appear to reflect the most urgent priority needs for the electricity sector.
However, a technical assessment of the utilization of inputs provided under
resolution 986 (1995) in order to evaluate priorities and strategies has not
been possible owing to the lack of sufficient information from the Iraqi
authorities. As regards supplies that have arrived to date, efficiency has been
hampered by the uncoordinated arrival of supplies, which is resulting in the
disruption of planned maintenance schedules for power plants. Occasionally,
items such as cables for distribution networks are delivered but are unable to
be used because complementary items such as cable joints have not been approved.
67. In the northern governorates of Erbil and Sulaymaniyah, generating capacity
is dependent upon two hydropower plants where generated power is limited by the
availability of water and by irrigation requirements as well as the conditions
of both the dams and generating units, as noted earlier in this report. In the
Dahuk governorate, distribution is dependent upon power generation in the centre
and south.
Equitability
68. In the 15 central and southern governorates, items for the distribution
network were distributed to the four electricity distribution areas as follows:
Baghdad 30 per cent; middle 30 per cent; north 20 per cent; and south
20 per cent. Although the three northern governorates encounter common
difficulties, there are specific problems peculiar to each: Dahuk suffers from
the complete destruction of a large number of its grid substations; Erbil has no
generation capacity and 65 per cent of its major transmission circuits are no
longer operating; Sulaymaniyah is attempting to supply a large geographical area
with an inefficient distribution network from two plants whose generating units
need replacement. Equitability in the allocation of resources provided under
resolution 986 (1995) has been determined on the basis of population.
Accordingly, Sulaymaniyah receives 44 per cent of the total allocation, Erbil
receives 33 per cent, after redirecting 1 per cent to Sulaymaniyah for
generating expenses, and Dahuk receives 23 per cent.
Adequacy
69. Distribution plans I to III allocated $176 million to procure equipment and
spare parts for the essential humanitarian repair and maintenance of 23 power
plants, including the two hydropower plants in Sulaymaniyah, and their
associated transmission and distribution systems. Out of a total of
$74.1 million, for the 15 governorates, supplies worth $62.2 million have been
approved but have not yet arrived under phases I and II. Commodities from 33
contracts worth a total value of $11.3 million have arrived. Following the
installation and utilization of inputs authorized under phases I and II, a small
increase can be expected in the output of power stations that have received
supplies. However, the technical assessment by the Government of Iraq,
confirmed by United Nations observers, suggests that the localized increase will
be offset by the overall rate of deterioration in other power stations and parts
of the distribution network. Consequently, it is expected that output and
distribution in 1998 will continue to deteriorate, albeit at a slower rate,
despite inputs provided under resolution 986 (1995).
70. Out of the total $38.4 million allocated to the three northern governorates
in distribution plans I and II, commodities worth $37.5 million have been
approved under phases I and II. Under phase I, 3.3 per cent of requested
commodities have been received at the assigned warehouses, and allocation plans
for distribution are being drawn up. The remainder is due for delivery in
mid-1998. Although the long delivery times for these supplies have been
criticized by the Government of Iraq and local authorities, these times are not
considered unreasonable because of the complexity of the items and sourcing
difficulties experienced for items that do not meet modern safety and technical
standards and have been out of production for many years. In the course of
implementation planning it has become clear that a revised strategy should be
adopted involving a holistic rather than a piecemeal approach. This new
approach is based on prior technical evaluation of network and plant
requirements and is evident in the formulation of the equipment lists for
distribution plans II and III. Emergency solutions applied in recent years have
resulted in voltage regulation problems and have led to a considerable amount of
damage to plants and networks as a result of inadequate protection systems and
devices. One result is that distribution transformers are failing in all three
governorates at a rate that could require up to $1 million worth of equipment
each week to halt the deterioration in power supply. The new strategy will
adequately take into account the technical capacities of the local electricity
authorities and prevent newly installed equipment from being placed at
unacceptable risk. As stated in my supplementary report, an urgent technical
assessment is under way by UNDP and the Department of Economic and Social
Affairs in order to assist the relevant authorities in drawing up a realistic
and achievable implementation strategy. With regard to the Derbandikhan and
Dokan dams, the United Nations is taking all possible safety measures to prevent
potential structural failure. The safety inspections have been completed by
experts and their report has been considered by the authorities in Iraq. The
specific recommendations made in the report to minimize the risk of failure at
Derbandikhan need to be implemented immediately pending completion of essential
remedial work. It should be noted that the generating plants at both dams are
in very poor condition. Essential spare parts have been sourced and bids
received. These are being procured. Both plants will be subjected, in the
immediate future, to a detailed technical evaluation by the original suppliers
to identify the most efficient and effective way to restore their capacity to an
acceptable level of availability and reliability.
Effectiveness
71. No supplies from phase II contracts have yet been delivered. Cumulative
deliveries amount to $11.6 million, representing 24 per cent of the allocation
of phases I and II. Rate of delivery has increased by 53 per cent compared with
the previous reporting period. Delivered quantities include 100 tractors, 850
large-scale farm ground sprayers, 1,700 small-scale ground sprayers and 1,315
small-scale farm irrigation pumps for a total value of $4.9 million. The
delivered value of spare parts amounts to $1.1 million and includes spares for
small-scale farm irrigation pumps, large-scale farm tractors and combine
harvesters. A total of 666.5 tons of agrochemicals with a value of $4.8 million
and $1.9 million worth of animal health supplies have been delivered.
72. Distribution difficulties in the 15 governorates were caused by
insufficient transport and loading equipment and the absence of a functioning
cold chain. Out-of-season deliveries represent 51 per cent of the total
delivered value and will be stored until the following summer season. A number
of large-scale farm inputs such as tractors and 1,000- and 400-litre ground
sprayers are released to end-users from the central and governorate distribution
points, whereas the majority of spare parts, small-scale farm and animal health
inputs are released from the district distribution points. The value of inputs
that have reached their release to end-user storage point totals $5.7 million,
amounting to 80 per cent of in-season deliveries. Half of the delivered animal
health supplies are available to end-users in the district dispensaries, with
the remaining quantity to be distributed by the end of February. The release of
inputs to end-users has begun and is currently at a value of $210,000. Rate of
release is expected to increase considerably in the coming month as the majority
of in-season inputs are at present at their release to end-user storage points.
In the three northern governorates, the receipt and distribution of agricultural
supplies have gained momentum. Not only did key inputs for the major winter
planting season arrive in time, sufficient vaccines were available to inoculate
cattle, sheep and goats against a range of diseases.
Equitability
73. At present, out of a total 6.75 million hectares of arable land in the 15
central and southern governorates, some 3 million hectares are under production.
End-users have been considered as either small-scale (less than 1.5 hectares),
medium-scale (5 to 25 hectares) or large-scale (up to 250 hectares) farmers. Of
the estimated total of 300,000 farmers, over 70 per cent are small-scale
farmers. A number of items for 30 per cent of the total allocation are common
to both small- and medium-/large-scale farmers, with 33 per cent of the
remaining value allocated for the former and 66 per cent for the latter. The
Ministry of Agriculture has based its input allocation plans on a number of
criteria. The objective of the agricultural sector is to maximize production
with a view to increasing availability on the domestic market and to offer
sustenance to rural small-scale farmers. Distribution is based on the type of
crops, extension of sown land and livestock population in each area upon which
quotas of delivered inputs are allocated to each governorate. First-purchase
option is based on productivity coefficients for large-scale farmers, while
release of inputs to small-scale farmers is on a first come, first serve basis.
Many of the smaller producers do not have the holdings or knowledge to be able
to obtain increased yield from subsidized inputs. Among those farmers who are
able to utilize inputs effectively, yields vary considerably between 600 to
2,000 kilograms per hectare, according to experience and technology. A number
of items have been delivered to end-users for use in the current winter season,
including 100 400-litre ground sprayers and animal health supplies. Present
distribution and release of inputs has followed the allocation plans.
Adequacy
74. Without increasing domestic agricultural production to a level where it can
offer the required nutritional levels, only some 10 per cent of the needs will
be met. Of the 60,000 tractors and combine harvesters, an estimated 20 per cent
need to be replaced at a cost of $350 million. The allocation of $11 million
under phases I and II responds to only 3 per cent of these total needs. Total
estimated requirement for the overhaul of spare parts for tractors and combine
harvesters stands at $35 million. The phases I and II allocation of
$5.5 million covers 20 per cent of these needs. For the protection of crops it
is estimated that phase I and II agrochemicals will enable the treatment of
between 250,000 and 500,000 hectares of arable land depending upon several
variables such as weather, the area planted, the extent of infestation and
application method. This will offer protection to 18 per cent of the estimated
2,760,000 hectares sown to the main cereal and vegetables crops per year. An
amount of $15 million is needed every season for overhauling spare parts for
aerial spraying to operate at the agricultural fleet's full capacity of 30
helicopters. The allocation of $3.5 million under phase I will allow for the
overhauling of six aerial spraying helicopters only. Furthermore, phase I and
II allocations have addressed 10 per cent of ground spraying and irrigation
requirements with regard to equipment.
75. It is important to appreciate the extent of the collapse of the veterinary
subsector. Animal breeding is not under effective veterinary control. The
artificial insemination programme was stopped as a result of insufficient frozen
storage in veterinary clinics and, in part, by the privatization of breeding
centres. Private-sector veterinary clinics, however numerous, are unable to
undertake the role of the Iraqi Veterinary Board. For example, the incidence of
lamb, sheep and goat enterotoxaemia is currently at an all-time high. The
purchase of relevant vaccines will permit the Veterinary Board to address the
magnitude of the problem. Although it is estimated that $80 million is required
to meet the subsector's needs for 1998, in general, the United Nations has
little or no information on the scale of resources provided by the Government of
Iraq; therefore the phases I and II allocations of $6 million will at least meet
7 per cent of total requirements. In my supplementary report to the Security
Council (S/1998/90), I identified specific areas that require attention and
proposed a series of targeted projects with set objectives. Implementation of
those projects will address unmet needs, enhancing domestic production, such
that quantifiable integration of the food basket with agricultural produce will
be possible.
76. A total of $36.4 million out of the allocated $48 million under phases I
and II has yet to be delivered, including $24.2 million worth of mechanization
inputs, $8 million of agrochemicals and $4.2 million of animal health supplies.
A greater number of small-scale and large-scale farmers will benefit by the
additional 75 per cent increase in availability of inputs when these are
distributed. Distribution of inputs will follow the same criteria as those
applied to the inputs currently in country. The increase in deliveries will not
require additional observers, as the distribution point locations will remain
the same. The first impact assessment will be possible when crops are
harvested, that is, from April to June 1998.
Effectiveness
77. Under phases I and II, supplies worth $16,220,915, amounting to 88 per cent
of the total value of contracts for both phases, are yet to be delivered in the
centre and south. Consequently, it has been difficult to assess the
effectiveness of the programme so far. In addition, the uncoordinated arrival
of supplies is preventing the Ministry of Education from commencing the
production of 30,704 school desks because the raw materials have arrived but
their complementary items have not. However, UNICEF and UNESCO observers
confirmed that warehouse ledgers in all 15 governorates of the centre and south
were in place. They also confirmed that the distribution of commodities for the
rehabilitation of schools was ongoing but with some delays owing to the lack of
adequate transport faced by the Ministry of Education. In the northern
governorates, initial surveys show that since the beginning of the humanitarian
programme, there has been a 17 per cent increase in enrolment rates in schools.
However, the distribution of supplies was delayed during the reporting period by
hostilities and harsh winter conditions, both of which have made access to some
locations impossible.
Equitability
78. Priority in the distribution of materials for the rehabilitation of schools
will be given to schools requiring urgent rehabilitation and assistance in the
centre and south of the country. A comparative study of the condition of
schools before and after their rehabilitation will take place after distribution
has been completed. In the northern governorates of Dahuk, Erbil and
Sulaymaniyah, UNICEF is concentrating on the primary school sector and has now
received some 38 per cent of the items ordered under phase I; international
observers have reported that distribution is equitable.
Adequacy
79. The Ministry of Education has estimated that the $24 million allocated
under phases I and II in the centre and south will meet only 14 per cent of the
most urgent requirements in this sector. Indeed, it is estimated that a total
of about $170 million is needed for immediate infrastructural rehabilitation of
7,550 schools at the pre-school, primary and secondary levels, for essential
supplies for 4 million pupils and for the provision of classroom items. Under
phases I and II, the little material ordered so far will benefit only 2,250
schools. Furthermore, 1.5 million desks are needed, but only 50,954 will be
provided under phase I, of which only 6,750 have arrived. With an allocation of
$12 million, distribution plan III is providing only 7 per cent of the immediate
needs identified. In the northern governorates of Erbil and Sulaymaniyah,
UNICEF and UNESCO estimate that approximately $25.7 million are needed for
teacher training, the provision of training materials, provision of educational
supplies and materials for printing presses. With $2.7 million allocated for
the rehabilitation and construction of 117 primary schools under phases I
and II, it is estimated that only 8 per cent of the needs in this area will be
addressed by UNESCO. With regard to school furniture, UNESCO will address the
needs of approximately 43 per cent of the total primary and intermediate school
population through the production of a total of over 100,000 school desks.
80. Under phases I and II, supplies worth $16.2 million, amounting to
88 per cent of the total value of contracts for both phases, are yet to be
delivered in the centre and south. In the three northern governorates, supplies
worth $15 million, representing 80 per cent of the total value of contracts for
both phases, have yet to be delivered. A large part of the commodities expected
under the first and second phases are for the refurbishment of the printing
facilities in Erbil and Sulaymaniyah as well as the provision of a printing
press and operating inputs in both locations. The value of these projects
totals $7.5 million, or 40.1 per cent of the allocation in phases I and II. The
need to conduct surveys and the specification of detailed requirements for the
refurbishment and provision of the presses has delayed the placing of orders and
the commitment of funds.
81. Pursuant to paragraph 7 of resolution 1143 (1997), I submitted my
supplementary report to the Council (S/1998/90) on 1 February 1998, with
recommendations regarding improvements in the implementation of the humanitarian
programme as well as additional resources needed to meet the priority
humanitarian requirements of the Iraqi people. I welcome the adoption by the
Security Council of its resolution 1153 (1998) on 20 February 1998, in support
of the recommendations contained in my report, including the increased funding
of the programme, not to exceed $5.256 billion during a period of 180 days.
82. It may be recalled that the Government of Iraq has indicated that its
operational capacity may limit the export of petroleum during a period of 180
days to a maximum value of $4 billion. The Government has expressed its
readiness to receive a group of experts, pursuant to paragraph 12 of resolution
1153 (1998), to assist the Government of Iraq in determining its precise
capacity to export petroleum and petroleum products. Arrangements are being
made for the group to arrive in Iraq on or about 10 March 1998, and I shall
report to the Council on its findings as soon as they are finalized.
83. I also welcome the decisions taken by the Security Council Committee
established by resolution 661 (1990) to refine and clarify its working
procedures, as reflected in its report to the Council of 30 January 1998
(S/1998/92). Through the decisions taken by the Council and the Security
Council Committee, coupled with the actions I have already taken within the
Secretariat (see S/1998/90, paras. 52 and 53), I remain confident that the
process of approval of applications and delivery of humanitarian supplies to the
people of Iraq will be handled more expeditiously.
84. On 23 February in Baghdad, I held detailed discussions on the programme as
a whole, as well as the implementation of resolution 1153 (1998), with the
Vice-President of the Republic of Iraq, Mr. Taha Yasin Ramadan. Present also
were the Minister for Foreign Affairs, Mr. Mohammed Said Al-Sahaf,
Lt. Gen. Amer Rashid, Minister for Oil, and the Permanent Representative of Iraq
to the United Nations, Mr. Nizar Hamdoon. The meeting was frank, positive and
constructive. In a letter addressed to me on 25 February 1998, the Minister for
Foreign Affairs reiterated his Government's "commitment to cooperate effectively
and in good faith" with the Secretary-General and his aides, with a view to the
"expeditious implementation" of the humanitarian programme.
85. On 2 March 1998, I invited the Minister for Foreign Affairs to come to New
York as soon as possible in order to start discussions on the programme in
general and the implementation of Security Council resolution 1153 (1998) in
particular. I welcome the Minister's prompt and positive response. The
discussions are scheduled to start on Monday, 9 March.
86. It is my hope that Council resolution 1153 (1998) will strengthen cooperation between the Government of Iraq and the United Nations for the benefit of the Iraqi population as a whole.
Commodity | Cumulative
arrivals in Iraq |
Quantity
distributed in
Governorates
as at 14 February 1998 |
Stock
balance available |
Ration scale | |
Government of Iraq | Resolution
986 (1995) | ||||
Wheat | 2 646 769 | 2 423 122 | 223 647 | 7.00 | 9.00 |
Rice | 606 457 | 497 967 | 108 490 | 1.25 | 2.50 |
Vegetable ghee | 243 896 | 192 655 | 51 242 | 1.00 | |
Pulses | 198 396 | 171 350 | 27 046 | 0.75 | 1.00 |
Salt | 23 939 | 21 971 | 1 968 | 0.50 | 0.15 |
Infant formula | 9 546 | 9 144 | 402 | 0.10 | 2.70 |
Sugar | 457 939 | 362 107 | 95 832 | 1.80 | 2.00 |
Tea | 23 505 | 22 298 | 1 207 | 0.15 | |
Toilet soap | 52 731 | 41 238 | 11 493 | 0.15 | 0.25 |
Detergent | 62 697 | 57 927 | 4 770 | 0.25 | 0.35 |
Total | 4 325 875 | 3 799 778 | 526 097 | ||
See annex II for ration scales implemented during the reporting period. |
Agency | Sectoral observations | ||||||
Food | Medicine | Agriculture | Electricity | Water and sanitation | Education | Total | |
Geographical Observation Unit | 3 445 | 268 | 5 | 5 | 12 | - | 3 735 |
UNICEF | - | - | - | - | 401 | 150** | 551 |
WHO | - | 1 027 | - | - | - | - | 1 027 |
WFP* | 58 994 | - | - | - | - | - | 58 994 |
FAO | - | - | 143 | - | - | - | 143 |
UNESCO | - | - | - | - | - | 7 | 7 |
UNDP/Department of Economic and Social Affairs | - | - | - | 63 | - | - | 63 |
Total | 62 439 | 1 295 | 148 | 68 | 413 | 157 | 64 520 |
* Includes 57,465 observations by national assistants.
** In the northern governorates.
Governorate | Food sector observation
|
Medical sector
observation
|
Total observations for all
sectors
| ||||
Geographical Observation Unit | WFP | Geographical Observation Unit | WHO | Geographical | Sectoral | Both | |
Ninewa | 170 | 97 | 14 | 45 | 184 | 142 | 326 |
Tameem | 321 | 79 | 17 | 43 | 338 | 122 | 460 |
Baghdad | 544 | 350 | 39 | 95 | 583 | 445 | 1 028 |
Salah Al-Din | 251 | 70 | 15 | 34 | 266 | 104 | 370 |
Diyala | 161 | 97 | 27 | 94 | 188 | 191 | 379 |
Anbar | 153 | 68 | 10 | 38 | 163 | 106 | 269 |
Babylon | 271 | 165 | 17 | 48 | 288 | 213 | 501 |
Karbala | 187 | 77 | 10 | 4 | 197 | 81 | 278 |
Najaf | 190 | 89 | 18 | 43 | 208 | 132 | 340 |
Qadissiya | 155 | 54 | 13 | 27 | 168 | 81 | 249 |
Muthanna | 115 | 48 | 9 | 16 | 124 | 64 | 188 |
Basrah | 227 | 103 | 13 | 35 | 240 | 138 | 378 |
Missan | 153 | 40 | 9 | 21 | 162 | 61 | 223 |
Thi-Qar | 145 | 62 | 9 | 13 | 154 | 75 | 229 |
Wassit | 156 | 83 | 23 | 29 | 179 | 112 | 291 |
Subtotal, south/central | 3 199 | 1 482 | 243 | 585 | 3 442 | 2 067 | 5 509 |
Dahuk | 57 | 8 | 6 | 131 | 63 | 139 | 202 |
Erbil | 91 | 39 | 8 | 208 | 99 | 247 | 346 |
Sulaymaniyah | 98 | 0 | 11 | 103 | 109 | 103 | 212 |
Subtotal, north | 246 | 47 | 25 | 442 | 271 | 489 | 760 |
Grand total for Iraq | 3 445 | 1 529 | 268 | 1 027 | 3 713 | 2 556 | 6 269 |
Applications
received |
Applications
circulated |
Applications
approved |
Applications
on hold |
Applications
pending/ processing |
Applications
blocked | |||||||
Sector | Allocation | No. | Value | No. | Value | No. | Value | No. | Value | No. | Value | No. |
53 per cent | ||||||||||||
Fooda | 902.45 | 186 | 934.18 | 186 | 934.18 | 161 | 925.06 | 1 | 9.13 | - | - | 12 |
Medicinea | 210.00 | 547 | 222.68 | 544 | 220.07 | 488 | 220.07 | - | - | 3 | 2.60 | 14 |
Water and
sanitation |
24.00 | 29 | 22.89 | 29 | 22.89 | 29 | 22.89 | - | - | - | - | - |
Electricity | 36.00 | 107 | 37.40 | 105 | 36.71 | 88 | 35.59 | 2 | 1.12 | 2 | 0.69 | 12 |
Agriculture | 24.00 | 62 | 23.15 | 61 | 22.76 | 54 | 22.36 | 2 | 0.40 | 1 | 0.39 | 4 |
Education | 12.00 | 12 | 10.95 | 12 | 10.95 | 8 | 10.95 | - | - | - | - | 2 |
Total | 1 208.45 | 943 | 1 251.25 | 937 | 1 247.56 | 828 | 1 236.92 | 5 | 10.65 | 6 | 3.68 | 44 |
13 per centb | ||||||||||||
Foodc | 3.56 | 8 | 3.56 | 8 | 3.56 | 8 | 3.56 | - | - | - | - | 0 |
Medicinec | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0 |
Health | 10.10 | 132 | 9.78 | 132 | 9.78 | 132 | 9.78 | - | - | - | - | 0 |
Water and sanitation | 20.20 | 31 | 20.13 | 31 | 20.13 | 31 | 20.13 | - | - | - | - | 0 |
Electricity | 23.27 | 87 | 23.27 | 87 | 23.27 | 87 | 23.27 | - | - | - | - | 0 |
Agriculture | 20.15 | 7 | 20.15 | 7 | 20.15 | 7 | 20.15 | - | - | - | - | 0 |
Education | 15.15 | 28 | 14.95 | 28 | 14.95 | 28 | 14.95 | - | - | - | - | 0 |
Nutrition | 5.00 | 10 | 4.95 | 10 | 4.95 | 10 | 4.95 | - | - | - | - | 0 |
Resettlement | 12.00 | 1 | 12.00 | 1 | 12.00 | 1 | 12.00 | - | - | - | - | 0 |
Demining | 2.50 | 8 | 2.50 | 8 | 2.50 | 8 | 2.50 | - | - | - | - | 0 |
Epidemiological
survey |
0.30 | 1 | 0.30 | 1 | 0.30 | 1 | 0.30 | - | - | - | - | 0 |
Total | 112.23 | 313 | 111.59 | 313 | 111.59 | 313 | 111.59 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 |
Total, phase I | 1 320.68 | 1 256 | 1 362.84 | 1 250 | 1 359.15 | 1 141 | 1 348.51 | 5 | 10.65 | 6 | 3.68 | 44 |
a Includes values for joint procurement under both the 53 per cent and 13 per cent accounts.
b Includes application and cash component values.
c Reflects only United Nations agency procurement under the 13 per cent account (non-joint procurement).
Applications
received |
Applications
circulated |
Applications
approved |
Applications
on hold |
Applications
pending/ processing |
Applications
blocked | |||||||
Sector | Allocation | No. | Value | No. | Value | No. | Value | No. | Value | No. | Value | No. |
53 per cent | ||||||||||||
Fooda | 904.11 | 218 | 925.25 | 210 | 912.63 | 192 | 909.02 | 4 | 2.19 | 10 | 14.03 | - |
Medicinea | 209.75 | 264 | 225.38 | 251 | 217.64 | 214 | 189.17 | 19 | 23.58 | 24 | 12.63 | - |
Water and
sanitation |
24.17 | 24 | 20.17 | 24 | 20.17 | 23 | 19.28 | 1 | 0.89 | - | - | - |
Electricity | 36.00 | 34 | 44.70 | 28 | 41.96 | 25 | 40.36 | 1 | 1.15 | 8 | 3.19 | - |
Agriculture | 24.00 | 34 | 21.12 | 33 | 21.01 | 28 | 19.37 | 4 | 1.01 | 2 | 0.74 | - |
Education | 12.00 | 16 | 11.27 | 14 | 10.72 | 12 | 10.58 | 1 | 0.14 | 2 | 0.54 | 1 |
Total | 1 210.03 | 590 | 1 247.89 | 560 | 1 224.13 | 494 | 1 187.78 | 30 | 28.96 | 46 | 31.13 | 1 |
13 per centb | ||||||||||||
Foodc | 1.89 | 4 | 1.89 | 4 | 1.89 | 4 | 1.89 | - | - | - | - | - |
Medicinec | 0.25 | - | 0.25 | - | 0.25 | - | 0.25 | - | - | - | - | - |
Health | 10.00 | 75 | 9.98 | 75 | 9.98 | 75 | 9.98 | - | - | - | - | - |
Water and sanitation | 20.00 | 69 | 19.85 | 69 | 19.85 | 65 | 18.17 | - | - | 4 | 1.68 | - |
Electricity | 19.30 | 27 | 18.97 | 27 | 18.97 | 27 | 18.97 | - | - | - | - | - |
Agriculture | 26.00 | 4 | 26.00 | 4 | 26.00 | 4 | 26.00 | - | - | - | - | - |
Education | 15.30 | 34 | 14.87 | 34 | 14.87 | 34 | 14.87 | - | - | - | - | - |
Nutrition | 8.90 | 18 | 8.55 | 18 | 8.55 | 18 | 8.55 | - | - | - | - | - |
Resettlement | 6.00 | 1 | 5.14 | 1 | 5.14 | 1 | 5.14 | - | - | - | - | - |
Demining | 2.00 | 2 | 0.45 | 2 | 0.45 | 2 | 0.45 | - | - | - | - | - |
Reserve | 1.00 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Total | 110.64 | 234 | 105.95 | 234 | 105.95 | 230 | 104.27 | 0 | 0.00 | 4 | 1.68 | 0 |
Total, phase II | 1 320.67 | 824 | 1 353.84 | 794 | 1 330.08 | 724 | 1 292.05 | 30 | 28.96 | 50 | 32.81 | 1 |
a Includes values for joint procurement under both the 53 per cent and 13 per cent accounts.
b Includes application and cash component values.
c Reflects only United Nations agency procurement under the 13 per cent account (non-joint procurement).
Applications
received |
Applications
circulated |
Applications
approved |
Applications
on hold |
Applications
pending/ processing |
Applications
blocked | |||||||
Sector | Allocation | No. | Value | No. | Value | No. | Value | No. | Value | No. | Value | No. |
53 per cent | ||||||||||||
Fooda | 904.34 | 40 | 363.79 | 33 | 296.05 | 23 | 131.59 | - | - | 16 | 232.20 | - |
Medicinea | 199.72 | 1 | 0.77 | 1 | 0.77 | - | - | - | - | 1 | 0.77 | - |
Water and
sanitation |
24.17 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Electricity | 35.50 | 1 | 0.25 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 | 0.25 | - |
Agriculture | 24.00 | 1 | 6.22 | 1 | 6.22 | - | - | - | - | 1 | 6.22 | - |
Education | 12.00 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Total | 1 199.73 | 43 | 371.03 | 35 | 303.04 | 23 | 131.59 | 0 | 0.00 | 19 | 239.44 | 0 |
13 per centb | ||||||||||||
Foodc | 1.67 | - | 1.38 | - | 1.38 | - | 1.38 | - | - | - | - | - |
Medicinec | 0.28 | - | 0.10 | - | 0.10 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Health | 10.00 | - | 0.98 | - | 0.98 | - | 0.98 | - | - | - | - | - |
Water and sanitation | 20.00 | - | 4.28 | - | 4.28 | - | 4.28 | - | - | - | - | - |
Electricity | 26.00 | - | 3.36 | - | 3.36 | - | 3.36 | - | - | - | - | - |
Agriculture | 26.00 | - | 0.75 | - | 0.75 | - | 0.75 | - | - | - | - | - |
Education | 15.00 | - | 2.18 | - | 2.18 | - | 2.18 | - | - | - | - | - |
Nutrition | 10.00 | 12 | 6.94 | 12 | 6.94 | - | 6.94 | - | - | - | - | - |
Resettlement | 11.00 | - | 9.54 | - | 9.54 | - | 9.54 | - | - | - | - | - |
Demining | 1.00 | - | 0.83 | - | 0.83 | - | 0.83 | - | - | - | - | - |
Total | 120.95 | 12 | 30.34 | 12 | 30.34 | 0 | 30.24 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 |
Total, phase III | 1 320.68 | 55 | 401.37 | 47 | 333.38 | 23 | 161.83 | 0 | 0.00 | 19 | 239.44 | 0 |
a Includes values for joint procurement under both the 53 per cent and 13 per cent accounts.
b Includes application and cash component values.
c Reflects only United Nations agency procurement under the 13 per cent account (non-joint procurement).
Applications
received |
Applications
circulated |
Applications
approved |
Applications
on hold |
Applications
pending/ processing |
Applications
blocked | |||||||
Sector | Allocation | No. | Value | No. | Value | No. | Value | No. | Value | No. | Value | No. |
53 per cent | ||||||||||||
Fooda | 2 710.90 | 444 | 2 223.22 | 429 | 2 142.86 | 376 | 1 965.67 | 5 | 11.32 | 26 | 246.23 | 12 |
Medicinea | 619.47 | 812 | 448.83 | 796 | 438.48 | 702 | 409.24 | 19 | 23.58 | 28 | 16.00 | 14 |
Water and
sanitation |
72.34 | 53 | 43.06 | 53 | 43.06 | 52 | 42.17 | 1 | 0.89 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 |
Electricity | 107.50 | 142 | 82.35 | 133 | 78.67 | 113 | 75.95 | 3 | 2.27 | 11 | 4.13 | 12 |
Agriculture | 72.00 | 97 | 50.49 | 95 | 49.99 | 82 | 41.73 | 6 | 1.41 | 4 | 7.35 | 4 |
Education | 36.00 | 28 | 22.22 | 26 | 21.67 | 20 | 21.53 | 1 | 0.14 | 2 | 0.54 | 3 |
Total | 3 618.21 | 1 576 | 2 870.17 | 1 532 | 2 774.73 | 1 345 | 2 556.29 | 35 | 39.61 | 71 | 274.25 | 45 |
13 per centb | ||||||||||||
Foodc | 7.12 | 12 | 6.83 | 12 | 6.83 | 12 | 6.83 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 |
Medicinec | 0.53 | 0 | 0.35 | 0 | 0.35 | 0 | 0.25 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 |
Health | 30.10 | 207 | 20.74 | 207 | 20.74 | 207 | 20.74 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 |
Water and sanitation | 60.20 | 100 | 44.26 | 100 | 44.26 | 96 | 42.58 | 0 | 0.00 | 4 | 1.68 | 0 |
Electricity | 68.57 | 114 | 45.60 | 114 | 45.60 | 114 | 45.60 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 |
Agriculture | 72.15 | 11 | 46.90 | 11 | 46.90 | 11 | 46.90 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 |
Education | 45.45 | 62 | 32.00 | 62 | 32.00 | 62 | 32.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 |
Nutrition | 23.90 | 40 | 20.44 | 40 | 20.44 | 28 | 20.44 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 |
Resettlement | 29.00 | 2 | 26.68 | 2 | 26.68 | 2 | 26.68 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 |
Demining | 5.50 | 10 | 3.78 | 10 | 3.78 | 10 | 3.78 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 |
Epidemiological
survey |
0.30 | 1 | 0.30 | 1 | 0.30 | 1 | 0.30 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 |
Reserve | 1.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 |
Total | 343.82 | 559 | 247.88 | 559 | 247.88 | 543 | 246.10 | 0 | 0.00 | 4 | 1.68 | 0 |
Total, all phases | 3 962.03 | 2 135 | 3 118.05 | 2 091 | 3 022.61 | 1 888 | 2 802.39 | 35 | 39.61 | 75 | 275.93 | 45 |
a Includes values for joint procurement under both the 53 per cent and 13 per cent accounts.
b Includes application and cash component values.
c Reflects only United Nations agency procurement under the 13 per cent account (non-joint procurement).