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[ Presenting plain-text part of multi-format email ] "It's very instructive that the Iraqi Governing Council decided to literally cut and paste the definitions of the crimes of genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes for their tribunal from the International Criminal Court statute," Richard Dicker, head of the International Justice Program at Human Rights Watch, said Friday." Newsday http://tinyurl.com/3ct6e U.S. Opposes Provisions for Iraq Tribunal By EDITH M. LEDERER Associated Press Writer December 20, 2003 UNITED NATIONS -- The new Iraqi war crimes tribunal includes provisions taken from the International Criminal Court, which the United States vehemently opposes -- an irony that the international court's supporters have been quick to note. The statute establishing the Iraqi Special Tribunal was approved by the Iraqi Governing Council and signed into law on Dec. 10 by L. Paul Bremer, the top U.S. administrator in Iraq, on behalf of the U.S.-led Coalition Provisional Authority. *** It has come under intense scrutiny because members of the Iraqi Governing Council said this week that the Special Tribunal would try Saddam Hussein, though the United States says no decision has been made. **** The statute for the Iraqi tribunal has been published and was distributed to the U.N. Security Council on Thursday by U.S. Ambassador John Negroponte, prompting comparison with the 1998 Rome statute that created the International Criminal Court. ******** "It's very instructive that the Iraqi Governing Council decided to literally cut and paste the definitions of the crimes of genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes for their tribunal from the International Criminal Court statute," Richard Dicker, head of the International Justice Program at Human Rights Watch, said Friday. The Iraqi court's reliance on the 1998 Rome Statute establishing the International Criminal Court shows the treaty has set a standard for the definition of these crimes, Dicker told The Associated Press. ***** "It's the ultimate irony that the U.S. government, which is the greatest obstacle to the ICC today, helped oversee the drafting and inclusion of the very crimes from the very court that it treats as anathema into the language of the Iraqi Special Tribunal," Dicker said. ***** The American Non-Governmental Organization Coalition for the International Criminal Court sent an e-mail to supporters Friday also noting that "almost all of the substantive provisions are word for word from the ICC's Rome Statute." The International Criminal Court is the first permanent international war crimes tribunal and targets the future Pol Pots and Adolf Hitlers of the world. It will prosecute cases of genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity committed after July 1, 2002, but will step in only when countries are unwilling or unable to dispense justice themselves. The United States is the most vocal opponent of the court, arguing that Americans -- especially soldiers -- could be singled out for frivolous or politically motivated prosecutions simply because of its superpower status. It objects to the idea that Americans could be subject to the court's jurisdiction even if the United States is not a party to the pact. But the more than 90 countries that have ratified the Rome treaty -- including all 15 members of the European Union -- counter that it contains enough safeguards to prevent such abuses. The American NGO Coalition noted that the Iraqi statute was drafted by an American supporter of the ICC who was chairman of the drafting committee at the Rome conference -- Professor Cherif Bassiouni, president of DePaul University Law School's International Human Rights Law Institute in Chicago. It was then checked by lawyers in the coalition's legal office from Britain, Australia and the United States, the coalition said. The text apparently was approved in English and there is still no Arabic translation, it said. The Iraqi statute differs from the ICC statute in key ways: Its jurisdiction is limited to Iraqi nationals and residents accused of crimes between 1968 and May, whereas the ICC statute provides for cases to come to the court through a state that has ratified the treaty, the U.N. Security Council, or the court's prosecutor. The Iraqi statute also includes some crimes under Iraqi law as well as the death penalty -- a problem for some European countries and the United Nations which oppose capital punishment. The NGO coalition said the Iraqi court's reliance on the International Criminal Court statute clearly demonstrates that the Bush administration "considers it to be a reliable restatement of the current status of international law." But since "no American could ever be tried" by the Iraqi court it "does not reflect any softening of the U.S. ICC position," the group said. Copyright © 2003, The Associated Press _______________________________________________ Sent via the discussion list of the Campaign Against Sanctions on Iraq. To unsubscribe, visit http://lists.casi.org.uk/mailman/listinfo/casi-discuss To contact the list manager, email casi-discuss-admin@lists.casi.org.uk All postings are archived on CASI's website: http://www.casi.org.uk